1. Open the invoice. Go to Sales > Invoices, find the one the credit was applied to, and open it.
2. Find the credit in the payment history. Below the invoice total, QuickBooks lists what's been applied against it: payments, and any credit memo that was used to cover part or all of the balance.
3. Click the credit to open the transaction that applied it. This opens the Receive payment screen that was used (or generated automatically) when the credit got applied, not the credit memo itself.
4. Clear the checkmark next to the credit. In the Credits section of that screen, uncheck the box next to the credit memo or overpayment you want to detach. Don't delete the transaction outright, just remove that one checkmark.
5. Save. The invoice balance goes back up by the amount of the credit, and the credit becomes available again to apply to a different invoice, or to refund.